Potassium is a macro mineral. This means it is a dietary mineral that is required in relatively large amounts, and it constitutes a large portion of certain body tissues and fluids. Potassium is a major cation of intracellular fluid where it is involved in osmotic pressure and acid-base balance. It also plays a major part in the activity of muscle. It is required in an enzyme reaction involving creatine. Potassium also influences carbohydrate metabolism.
When there is a deficiency in potassium, many things can occur, including growth retardation and unsteady gait. General muscle weakness and pica also occur. Within the stomach, diarrhea can be a result, as well as a distended abdomen. Emancipation followed by death is a major problem where potassium is deficient. Abnormal electrocardiograms are seen too.
Magnesium deficiency results in failure to retain potassium, leading to potassium deficiency. Excessive levels of potassium can interfere with magnesium absorption and result in magnesium deficiency. This in turn can interfere with calcium metabolism which can lead to milk fever.
A good source of potassium can be found in potassium chloride. Roughages usually contain ample amounts of potassium as well.